Osteonecrosis of the jaws in patients treated with monoclonal antibodies: A review of the literature
Introduction: In the last decade, monoclonal antibodies have revolutionized the field of modern medicine. These are proteins designed to bind specifically to certain molecules for the treatment of certain types of cancer and autoimmune disease.
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between treatment with monoclonal antibodies and osteonecrosis of the jaws by analyzing the incidence and associated risk factors.
Methods: A total of 3057 results were initially obtained. After an initial screening of articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 42 articles were selected for full-text reading. Finally, 13 randomized clinical trials were included.
Results: The total number of patients included was 16259. The mean incidence of osteonecrosis cases was 3.87%. There were 51 mild cases of osteonecrosis (stage 1-2) and 16 severe cases (stage 3). The risk factors analyzed were the use of mismatched prostheses, invasive dental procedures, periodontal disease and the use of corticosteroids.
Conclusions: The mean incidence of monoclonal antibody-induced osteonecrosis was 3.87%. The use of misaligned prostheses, tooth extraction, periodontal disease and the use of corticosteroids may favor the development of monoclonal antibody-induced osteonecrosis.
The mean incidence of monoclonal antibody-induced osteonecrosis was 3.87%. The use of misaligned prostheses, tooth extraction, periodontal disease and the use of corticosteroids may favor the development of monoclonal antibody-induced osteonecrosis.
Studies of higher quality and with longer follow-up time are necessary to reach more conclusive statements.